- Fallon, L. F., Jr. (2006). Color blindness. In J. L. Longe (Ed.), The Gale encyclopedia of medicine (3rd ed.) (Vol. 2, pp. 945-947). Farmington Hills, MI: Thomas Gale
- Fini, M.E. (Ed.). (2000) Photoreceptor cells. Results and problems in cell differentiation (Vol. 31, pp. 80-81). Berlin, Germany: Springer-Verlag
- Simunovic, M. P. (2010). Color vision deficiency. Eye, 24(5), 747-755. Doi: 10.1038/eye.2009.251
- Shapely, R. & Man-Kit Lam, D. (1993). Contrast sensitivity; Proceedings of the Retina Research Foundation Symposia (Vol. 5) Cambridge, Massachusetts: The MIT Press.
- Birch, J. (2013). Colour vision deficiency part 1 -- an introduction. Optometry Today, 53(24), 48-53.
- Wynbrandt, J., & Ludman, M. D. (2008). Color blindness. The encyclopedia of genetic disorders and birth defects. (3rd ed., pp. 94-95). New York: Facts on File, Inc.
James Wynbrandt and Mark D. Ludman’s book offers us some insight on the genetic effects on color blindness. Their background on the subject of genetics and birth defects is derived from the fact that Wyndbrand writes articles in publications such as New York Times, Management Review, Forbes, and Smithsonian Air & Space. His work is appraised by the Fiscal Policy Council, National Society of Professional Engineers, and more. Mark D. Ludman, M.D., F.R.C.P.C, is an acclaimed clinical geneticist who focuses on the genetics of cancer and metabolic diseases. He specializes in pediatrics and medicine at Dalhousie University, where he is professor of pediatrics as well as head of the Division of Medical Genetics. The book was published in 2008, so it is fairly recent, giving us reliable and updated information. The reference work is organized alphabetically, providing the reader with easy access when doing research. The informative section on color blindness counterbalances the lack of illustration/visual aid throughout the book. The language used is semi-technical, where although many scientific terms are being used, the surrounding language is easy to understand. Although the book is descriptive, the information on color blindness is limited to the section specified for it, and it is not mentioned further. The section on color deficiency is quite descriptive, and reaffirms the thesis statement that there is no instrument/tool for accurately detecting color deficiency, as well as no real treatment or cure for the condition.
- Vorvick, L. J., Lusby, F., & Zieve, D. (2011, June 01). Medline plus:Color blindness. Retrieved from http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001002.htm
The authors or updaters are: Linda J. Vorvick, MD, Medical Director, MEDEX Northwest Division of Physician Assistant Studies, University of Washington, School of Medicine; and Franklin W. Lusby, MD, Ophthalmologist, Lusby Vision Institute, La Jolla, California. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc. These individuals are all highly educated in medical school, and multiple are eye care physicians, making them reliable sources for the text found on the site. The intended audience for the website is anyone interested in the vision deficiency, as well as physicians in the corresponding field. The website pertains to the US National Library of Medicine, and the National Institutes of Health, so the officiation affirms the reliability of the website. The website is comprehensive, is typed in understandable language, and focuses on multiple topics of color blindness. Causes, symptoms, exams, treatments, prognosis, complications, and health information is all posted on the website in order to inform an individual visiting the website as much as possible. The website was last updated in 2011, while it seems fairly recent, there may be many advances in this deficiency, since the treatment has yet to be discovered, so every moment in which information isn’t updated counts. The website lacks distractions such as advertisements, and only displays links leading to the home page, related topics to color vision, and a search box in order to easily further investigate on the topic of color blindness.
- Formankiewicz, M. (2009, November 6). Acquired colour vision deficiencies. Optometry Today 49(21) 37-43. Retrieved from http://eds.a.ebscohost.com/eds/pdfviewer/pdfviewer?sid=3f366de5-bf48-4e0a-8407-2e7f72e33820@sessionmgr4001&vid=8&hid=4110
Written by Monika Formankiewicz, this magazine looks widely used by Optometrists in the country. This magazine is sponsored by the Academy for Eyecare Excellence and is approved for Optometrists and DOs. This article talks abut various reasons that could cause eye deficiencies such as color blindness. There are 6 pages in this article and a few chapters as well as volumes. The author works in the Department of Vision and Hearing Sciences at Anglia Ruskin University which is in the United Kingdom. She is a registered optometrist and currently works as a senior lecturer. She graduated from the University of New South Wales (Sydney, Australia) with a first class honors degree in Optometry and obtained a PhD from the University of Cambridge. The magazine this article was found in is really easy to read thanks to the colorful pictures and data. Being widely used by doctors of optometry around the world, this article makes a very reliable resource.
- Sardegna, J., & Paul, T. O. (1991). The encyclopedia of blindness and vision impairment. (2nd ed.). New York, NY: Facts on File Inc.
There is not much information on the authors of this encyclopedia because it is so old. However, flipping through the pages it is interesting to see that they define and describe all of the anatomy and physiology of the eye. There are not many pictures in this encyclopedia so it makes it hard to read and since this encyclopedia was written so long ago it makes it less reliable. However, due to the amount of content inside it could be really useful. This encyclopedia was hard to find in the library and online. The editors seem to have really high credentials as well. This encyclopedia is recommended to people who really want to know some of the major aspects and complications that have to do with blindness and vision impairment. There are many pages and information that date back to 1991. We would recommend this encyclopedia to persons who would like to compare if any information has changed over the years.
- Guest, M., D'Este, C. (2010). Impairment of color vision in aircraft maintenance workers. International Archive of Occupational Environmental Health (2011) 84:723–733 DOI 10.1007/s00420-010-0600-9
This is a primary source article because the authors, Guest, D’Este et. al., were the ones conducting the study. The study was retrospective cohort study investigating the possible association between DSRS activities and adverse health status in aircraft maintenance workers in Australian air bases. The article was written to inform air maintenance workers and the scientific community of any health hazards that are associated with the job. The researchers who wrote the article try to keep any bias minimal. Their data is clearly displayed in multiple tables in the article. They used multiple test groups, and examined multiple variations of visual deficiency across all of the groups. The study is very thorough in terms of the multitude of health and visual hazards examined. The study examined 2,600 individual eyes. The article was written in 2010. It is a very recent, and thus, very relevant study.
- Jordan, G., Deeb, S.S., Bosten, J. M., & Mollon, J. D. (2010).The dimensionality of color vision in carriers of anomalous trichromacy. Journal of Vision, 10(8), 1-19. doi:10.1167/10.8.12
All the authors of this article are professors in universities, with specialties from medicine to neuroscience. This means that the information in the article could be a very valuable source for our group. The purpose of this study was to see if women with the X-linked forms of mutations in the eye could actually cause them to see more colors than an average person. Many people could benefit from this article including people that think they might be a tetrachromat, and especially students studying the biology of the eye. This study was performed strictly for scientific advancement, which means there are no obvious biases. Being that this study was conducted only a few years ago makes it a relevant source for information on a topic that has not had much research done on it. The Journal of Vision, where this article was found, is extremely applicable for our group's topic on color vision, because it focuses on studies of the eye and has a very good reputation.
- Greenwood, V. (2012, June 18).The humans with super human vision. Discover Magazine, 33(6), 28-31. Retrieved from http://discovermagazine.com
This article was written by Veronique Greenwood, who holds degrees in the fields of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology which makes her a great source of information for our group. This articles purpose was to describe a study done to find tetrachromats, or people who can see a hundred times more colors than an average person. The audience of this article is mainly intended to inform people about a condition that they have probably never heard of before, but anybody interested in the sciences could value this information. This article has a bias in that it focuses on only women in the study, this is understandable when considering they are much more likely to be tetrachromats. This article is only a couple years old, so the information in it is still fairly recent, which means our group could use it.